Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) mainly recognizes a special motif on the protein sequence through molecular chaperones, and transports the protein into lysosomes for degradation. CMA can degrade damaged or mutated proteins and is important for maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis. Can also degrade key proteins in lipid and glucose metabolism, cell cycle, DNA repair, and other processes, playing a regulatory role. Typically, some degree of CMA activity can be detected in almost all different cell types in tissues or cultures such as liver, kidney, brain, etc., and cellular stress maximizes activation of this pathway. Factors such as starvation, oxidants, pro-oxidants, and protein denaturing toxins all cause CMA activation. CMA has gradually become a hot topic in autophagy research as it can precisely regulate cellular activities by selectively recognizing and degrading certain proteins in cellular processes. There is also a strong correlation between CMA and major diseases such as metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, immunodeficiency, diabetes, and cancer. The efficient CMA activity monitoring tool can provide great convenience for the study of its potential function in diseases.
